{"id":1523,"date":"2023-11-02T15:24:45","date_gmt":"2023-11-02T22:24:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/?page_id=1523"},"modified":"2023-12-11T16:04:20","modified_gmt":"2023-12-12T00:04:20","slug":"sheep-goat","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/veterinary-care\/preventive-health-care\/sheep-goat\/","title":{"rendered":"Sheep\/Goat"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--single\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sheep\/Goat<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt\">Standard operating procedures for herd health<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">General procedures<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul type=\"1\"><li>The ovine\/caprine herd health standard operating procedure applies to all ovine\/caprine owned by WSU and defines the minimum preventative herd health.<\/li><li>Exceptions to the ovine\/caprine herd health SOP must be approved by the IACUC or through veterinary consultation. <\/li><li>Before acquisition, consult with veterinary staff to review incoming health status and determine a quarantine, testing and housing plan<\/li><li>All veterinary assessments and procedures must be documented in the animal\u2019s medical record.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction of new animals<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul type=\"1\"><li>On arrival:<ul><li>Assign an Individual Animal Identification (<a href=\"https:\/\/iacuc.wsu.edu\/documents\/2016\/06\/wsu_sop_7.pdf\/\">IACUC SOP #7)<\/a> and create an Animal Care Medical Record (<a href=\"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/documents\/2023\/11\/medical-record-entrance-exam-form.pdf\">example pdf<\/a>) (<a href=\"https:\/\/iacuc.wsu.edu\/documents\/2016\/06\/policy_4.pdf\/\">IACUC Policy #4<\/a>).<\/li><li>Complete a physical exam by a veterinarian, veterinary technician, or trained animal care technician. &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Quarantine away from resident animals for at least 2-4 weeks depending on risk factors. &nbsp;&nbsp;Observe closely for signs of illness and treat as needed.&nbsp;<\/li><li>All animals should be either be dewormed, FEC (fecal egg count) performed, or documentation of deworming within the last 6 months on arrival. See Table 1 for deworming options or consult with a veterinarian. Entrance exam should include observation for external parasites and associated wool\/hair loss. <\/li><li>Animals intended to incorporate into or be housed near existing flock\/herds are required to be tested for Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, and Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis or Ovine Progressive Pneumonia (CAE\/OPP) at the time of entry (see <a href=\"https:\/\/tests.waddl.vetmed.wsu.edu\/Tests\/Details\/8507\">WADDL<\/a> for details on samples to collect). Contact <a href=\"mailto:or.ocv.alert@wsu.edu\">campus veterinary services<\/a> if you need assistance with coordination of submission. Exception to testing will be made for research sheep\/goat that will not be introduced to a flock\/herd and are intended for short term housing.<\/li><li>Animals intended to incorporate into existing flock\/herds or housed &gt;6-8 weeks should be vaccinated on arrival with a CDT (<em>Clostridium perfringens <\/em>type C and D (overeating disease) and <em>Clostridium tetani <\/em>(tetanus) unless the animals have documented up to date vaccination history. <\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Herd health maintenance<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul type=\"1\"><li>All assessments and procedures must be documented in the Animal Medical Record.<\/li><li>Vaccinate annually with at minimum CDT as directed by the manufacturer or consult a veterinarian if risk factors indicate additional vaccinations.<\/li><li>Deworming schedule and choice can be based on frequent FEC surveillance to determine which anthelmintic to use.<\/li><li>Dusting should be performed in the spring if external parasites have been noted or hair loss is present.<\/li><li>Hoof assessment quarterly and trim the hooves as needed.<\/li><li>Sheep with fleece should be sheared at least once a year, preferably in the spring.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Minor cuts, scrapes or abrasions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul type=\"1\"><li>If a sheep or goat is noted to have minor cuts, wounds or abrasions, the area should be cleaned thoroughly with an antiseptic solution such as chlorhexidine or betadine (or equivalent) and a commercial salve or wound coat applied along with fly spray if in fly season.&nbsp; This can be done once daily for 2-7 days ensuring that the wound is healing and no worsening.&nbsp; If at any time the wound is draining or worsening, a veterinarian will need to assess and make a specific plan for the animal.<\/li><li>Daily documentation of treatment is necessary either in the form of a treatment sheet or in the <a href=\"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/documents\/2023\/11\/medical-record-entrance-exam-form.pdf\">medical record<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nutrition<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul type=\"1\"><li>Free choice trace mineral (including selenium) salt must be provided as appropriate for the species. Sheep and goats have different requirements for copper supplementation so require different products. <\/li><li>Abrupt changes to the diet should be avoided, any changes should be introduced gradually over a period of several days.<\/li><li>Feed requirements of each animal should be determined to prevent over or underfeeding.<\/li><li>Sheep or goats must have unlimited access to fresh water.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Table 1. Ovine\/Caprine Dewormers<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Drug<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Dose (mg\/kg)*<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Route<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Frequency<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ivermectin<\/td><td>0.2<\/td><td>PO\/SQ<\/td><td>Once<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Fenbendazole<\/td><td>5.0<\/td><td>PO (orally)<\/td><td>Daily for 3 days<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Albendazole<\/td><td>7.5<\/td><td>PO (orally)<\/td><td>Once<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Moxidectin<\/td><td>0.2-0.5<\/td><td>PO (oral drench)<\/td><td>Once<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption>*&#8221;Sheep &amp; Goat Medicine&#8221; D. G. Pugh. 2002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">References<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>California Department of Food and Agriculture. &#8220;Biosecurity of swine, sheep and goat.&#8221; Web. &lt;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cdfa.ca.gov\/ahfss\/Animal_Health\/BioSpecies\/BioSwineSheepGoat.html\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.cdfa.ca.gov\/ahfss\/Animal_Health\/BioSpecies\/BioSwineSheepGoat.html<\/a>&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vet.cornell.edu\/animal-health-diagnostic-center\/programs\/nyschap\/modules-documents\/basic-biosecurity-best-management-practices-sheep-goat-farms\">https:\/\/www.vet.cornell.edu\/animal-health-diagnostic-center\/programs\/nyschap\/modules-documents\/basic-biosecurity-best-management-practices-sheep-goat-farms<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dement, Angela I., and Frank B. Craddock. &#8220;Biosecurity for Sheep and Goat Producers.&#8221; Agri Life Extension Texas A &amp; M system. Web. <a href=\"http:\/\/counties.agrilife.org\/caldwell\/files\/2011\/08\/SheepGoatBiosecurity_25.pdf\">http:\/\/counties.agrilife.org\/caldwell\/files\/2011\/08\/SheepGoatBiosecurity_25.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>WSU CAHNRS Animal Agriculture Extension \u201cSmall Ruminants\u201d  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Effective Date: 11-27-23 NW<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":12041,"featured_media":0,"parent":56,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"categories":[],"tags":[],"wsuwp_university_location":[],"wsuwp_university_org":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1523"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12041"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1523"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1523\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1705,"href":"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1523\/revisions\/1705"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/56"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1523"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1523"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1523"},{"taxonomy":"wsuwp_university_location","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wsuwp_university_location?post=1523"},{"taxonomy":"wsuwp_university_org","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.wsu.edu\/vet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wsuwp_university_org?post=1523"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}